In the realm of substances, a captivating interplay exists between serene motion and the unpredictable forces of turbulence. When a liquid flows smoothly, it exhibits gentle patterns, reminiscent of a flowing river. Molecules navigate in an orderly fashion, their interactions nuanced. This harmonious state is known as steady motion. But when

Thomson's Plum Pudding model, while groundbreaking for its time, faced several shortcomings as scientists developed a deeper understanding of atomic structure. One major drawback was its inability to account for the results of Rutherford's gold foil drawbacks of thomson's model of an atom experiment. The model suggested that alpha particles would p